Research Articles – Page 5

Meta-Analysis

Extending the Treatment Window for Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Imaging-Selected Extended-Window IVT Improves Stroke Outcomes But Raises Bleeding Risk — In imaging-selected patients with acute ischemic stroke, intravenous thrombolysis administered 4.5 to 24 hours after onset was associated with about 43% higher odds of excellent functional recovery at three months (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.25–1.63) and more than tripled odds of recanalization (OR 3.28, 95% CI 2.09–5.16) compared with standard care.

Sep 11, 2026 · Neurol Clin Pract · Neurology

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Research Article

Direct Oral Anticoagulant Plus Single Versus Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Carotid Artery Stenting: A Multicenter Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.

DOAC Plus Single Antiplatelet Therapy Shows Comparable Outcomes to Triple Therapy After Carotid Stenting — Among patients who underwent carotid artery stenting and required anticoagulation, combining a direct oral anticoagulant with a single antiplatelet agent produced intracranial hemorrhage rates statistically indistinguishable from triple therapy — 3.8% versus 4.1% respectively — with no meaningful difference in risk (RR 0.917, 95% CI 0.411–2.044; P = 0.832).

Sep 22, 2026 · Neurosurgery · Neurology

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Randomized Controlled Trial

Clopidogrel monotherapy versus aspirin monotherapy in females and males after percutaneous coronary intervention: a sex-stratified analysis of the SMART-CHOICE 3 trial.

Clopidogrel Monotherapy Shows Stronger Benefit Than Aspirin in Females After PCI — In a prespecified sex-stratified analysis of a large randomised trial, clopidogrel monotherapy reduced the composite risk of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, or stroke by approximately 55% compared with aspirin in females (adjusted HR 0.45, 95% CI 0.24–0.85), whereas no statistically significant reduction was observed in males (adjusted HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.56–1.07).

Sep 21, 2026 · EuroIntervention · Neurology

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Research Article

Effect of occlusal reduction on post-endodontic pain in teeth with irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis: A randomized controlled trial.

Occlusal Reduction Reduces Post-Endodontic Pain Within First 24 Hours — In a randomized controlled trial of 180 adults undergoing root canal treatment for irreversible pulpitis with symptomatic apical periodontitis, occlusal reduction produced significantly lower post-operative pain scores than no reduction at 6 hours (p = 0.021), 12 hours (p = 0.033), and 24 hours (p = 0.015) after the first treatment visit.

Sep 12, 2026 · J Oral Biol Craniofac Res · Pediatrics

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Review

Belatacept and the Risk of Cytomegalovirus, BK Polyomavirus, and Epstein-Barr Virus Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disease After Kidney Transplantation: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Belatacept Shows No Increased CMV or EBV-PTLD Risk in RCTs, but Real-World Data Suggest Higher Viral Infection Rates — In a meta-analysis of 64 studies, belatacept was not associated with significantly elevated CMV or EBV-related post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease risk compared to calcineurin inhibitors in randomised controlled trial data, but non-randomised real-world studies found more than two-fold higher CMV risk (RR 2.15, 95% CI 1.58–2.93) and over two-fold higher BK polyomavirus risk (RR 2.59, 95% CI 1.10–6.11) among belatacept-treated kidney transplant recipients.

Sep 12, 2026 · J Transplant · Infectious Diseases

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Clinical Trial

Medication Adherence Behavior Assessed Using a Digital Bottle Cap: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Digital Bottle Cap Monitoring Links Dose Timing Consistency to Sustained Medication Adherence in Post-MI Patients — Among 2,429 post-myocardial infarction patients monitored within a large randomised trial, those who maintained low variability in daily medication timing during the first week were nearly twice as likely to sustain adherence over the study period (OR 1.99, 99.9% CI 1.78–2.23).

Sep 21, 2026 · J Med Internet Res · Oncology

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Randomized Controlled Trial

Trial of a Maternal Diet Rich in Eggs and Peanuts to Reduce Infant Allergy.

High Maternal Egg and Peanut Intake During Pregnancy Does Not Reduce Infant Allergy Risk — A large randomised controlled trial found no meaningful reduction in IgE-mediated egg or peanut allergy at one year of age among infants born to mothers who consumed high amounts of these foods during pregnancy and early lactation, compared with mothers on a standard lower-intake diet (7.8% vs. 8.4%; RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.69–1.26; P = 0.65).

Sep 17, 2026 · N Engl J Med · Pediatrics

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Meta-Analysis

Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease.

Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Reduces MI Risk and Hospitalisation in Coronary Heart Disease — Across 107 randomised trials involving 26,886 adults with coronary heart disease, exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation produced approximately a 28% reduction in myocardial infarction risk (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.54–0.95, high-certainty evidence) and approximately a 35% reduction in all-cause hospitalisation (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.51–0.82, moderate-certainty evidence) compared with no structured exercise.

Sep 18, 2026 · Cochrane Database Syst Rev · Cardiology

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Randomized Controlled Trial

Cutting vs standard balloon for lesion preparation in drug-coated balloon-only PCI: the NATURE randomised trial.

Cutting Balloon Fails to Significantly Improve Optimal Lesion Preparation Over Standard Balloon in DCB-Only PCI — In a multicentre randomised trial of 201 patients, cutting balloon predilatation did not significantly increase the rate of optimal lesion preparation compared with standard balloon predilatation before drug-coated balloon-only PCI (35.6% vs 30.0%; adjusted RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.87–1.65; p=0.28).

Aug 25, 2026 · Cardiovasc Interv Ther · Cardiology

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Research Article

Association between surgical repair timing and mortality in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Surgery Within 24 Hours Linked to 2.5-Fold Higher Mortality in CDH Neonates — Neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia who underwent surgical repair within 24 hours of birth faced roughly 2.5 times the mortality risk of those whose repair was delayed to at least 24 hours (RR 2.54, 95% CI 1.76–3.66).

Sep 17, 2026 · Clin Exp Pediatr · Pediatrics

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