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Research Articles

Randomized Controlled Trial

Angiography-derived fractional flow reserve versus coronary angiography to guide coronary artery bypass grafting in patients undergoing surgical valve procedures with concomitant coronary artery disease in China (FAVOR IV-QVAS): a multicentre, triple-blind, randomised trial.

Angiography-Derived FFR Guidance Reduces 30-Day Complications in Valve Surgery with Concomitant CABG — In patients undergoing surgical valve procedures with concomitant coronary artery disease, a physiologically guided revascularisation strategy using angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) cut 30-day major adverse events nearly in half compared with conventional anatomical guidance — 7.

Apr 4, 2026 · Lancet · Cardiology
81
Research Article

Design and rationale of the prospective, randomized, controlled trial to assess the management of moderate aortic stenosis by clinical surveillance or transcatheter aortic valve replacement: The PROGRESS Trial.

PROGRESS Trial Launches First Large RCT of Early TAVR in Moderate Aortic Stenosis — The PROGRESS trial is a prospective, randomized, controlled study enrolling up to 750 patients to compare early transcatheter aortic valve replacement against clinical surveillance in moderate aortic stenosis; no outcome results are yet available as this publication describes only the trial design and rationale.

Apr 4, 2026 · Am Heart J · Cardiology
81
Research Article

Procalcitonin testing combined with NEWS2 evaluation compared with usual care based on NEWS2 for identification of sepsis and antibiotic initiation in the emergency department in England and Wales (PRONTO): a multicentre, randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Procalcitonin-Guided Sepsis Care Reduces 28-Day Mortality Without Changing Early Antibiotic Rates — In a large phase 3 randomised trial of suspected sepsis patients in English and Welsh emergency departments, adding procalcitonin testing to standard NEWS2-based assessment was associated with a significantly lower 28-day mortality — 13.

Apr 4, 2026 · Lancet Respir Med · Infectious Diseases
86
Randomized Controlled Trial

Effect of a clinical decision support system on stroke care quality and outcomes in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (GOLDEN BRIDGE II): cluster randomised clinical trial.

AI-Integrated Stroke CDSS Cuts Three-Month Vascular Events by 26% in Chinese Trial — A large cluster randomised trial found that deploying an artificial intelligence–assisted clinical decision support system (CDSS) in hospitals across China reduced the rate of new vascular events within three months of acute ischaemic stroke by approximately 26% compared with usual care (2.

Apr 3, 2026 · BMJ · Cardiology
82
Research Article

Fluconazole plus flucytosine versus fluconazole alone for adults with HIV-associated cryptococcal antigenaemia identified through screening: a multi-centre phase III randomised-controlled trial.

Phase III Trial Launched to Test Whether Adding Flucytosine to Fluconazole Cuts Mortality in HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Antigenaemia — A registered phase III randomised controlled trial is enrolling 600 adults with HIV-associated cryptococcal antigenaemia to determine whether a 14-day oral induction regimen of fluconazole plus flucytosine reduces all-cause mortality at six months compared with fluconazole alone, with the trial powered to detect a 40% relative reduction in mortality (91% power).

Apr 3, 2026 · Trials · Infectious Diseases
83
Randomized Controlled Trial

Preventive effects of dexamethasone oral solution on radiation-induced mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer: a randomized, triple-blind, parallel-group trial.

Prophylactic Dexamethasone Mouthwash Reduces Severity and Delays Peak Radiation Mucositis — In a randomized placebo-controlled trial, patients using prophylactic dexamethasone mouthwash experienced significantly lower oral mucositis severity at every measured time point (p < 0.

Apr 3, 2026 · Support Care Cancer · Oncology
83
Meta-Analysis

Survival outcome of VATS compared with open lobectomy for lung cancer: an individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised trials.

VATS Lobectomy Shows 21% Lower Mortality Than Open Surgery for Early-Stage Lung Cancer — In a pooled analysis of individual patient data from three randomised trials, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy reduced mortality risk by 21% compared with open lobectomy for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (hazard ratio 0.

Apr 2, 2026 · Lancet · Oncology
82
Research Article

Evolocumab to Reduce First Major Cardiovascular Events in Patients Without Known Significant Atherosclerosis and With Diabetes: Results From the VESALIUS-CV Trial.

Evolocumab Cuts First Major Cardiovascular Events by 31% in Diabetic Patients Without Known Atherosclerosis — In high-risk diabetic patients with no known significant atherosclerosis and no prior heart attack or stroke, evolocumab reduced the composite risk of coronary heart disease death, myocardial infarction, or ischemic stroke by approximately 31% compared with placebo (HR 0.

Apr 2, 2026 · JAMA · Cardiology
83
Clinical Trial

Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous guselkumab induction therapy in participants with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (ASTRO): a double-blind, treat-through, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

Subcutaneous Guselkumab Induction Achieves Clinical Remission in 28% of Ulcerative Colitis Patients vs 6% Placebo — In a phase 3 placebo-controlled trial, subcutaneous guselkumab induction therapy produced clinical remission at week 12 in 28% of participants with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis compared with just 6% receiving placebo — an adjusted treatment difference of 21 percentage points (95% CI 14–28; p<0.

Apr 2, 2026 · Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol · Infectious Diseases
88
Randomized Controlled Trial

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a parenting programme to improve family wellbeing in England (TOGETHER): a multicentre, single-blind, randomised controlled trial.

Group Parenting Programme Improves Mental Wellbeing in Diverse, Disadvantaged Families — A randomised controlled trial found that the Strengthening Families, Strengthening Communities (SFSC) programme produced statistically significant improvements in parental mental wellbeing compared with a waiting list control, both immediately after the intervention (mean difference 1.

Apr 1, 2026 · Lancet Public Health · Pediatrics
83