Research Articles – Page 43

Clinical Trial

Lactate Dehydrogenase and Outcomes in Patients With HF and Reduced Ejection Fraction: Insights From GALACTIC-HF.

Higher LDH Levels Independently Predict Worse Outcomes in HFrEF Patients — In a large cohort of over 8,000 patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction, those in the highest baseline lactate dehydrogenase quartile faced an approximately 84% greater risk of a first heart failure event or cardiovascular death compared to those in the lowest quartile (HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.62–2.08).

Jan 13, 2026 · JACC Heart Fail · Cardiology

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Randomized Controlled Trial

Ketotifen for Preventing Oxaliplatin-Induced Neuropathy in Stage III Colorectal Cancer: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Ketotifen Added to mFOLFOX-6 Reduces Grade 2–3 Neuropathy Incidence in Colorectal Cancer — In a randomized controlled trial of 64 patients with stage III colorectal cancer, adding ketotifen 2 mg daily to standard mFOLFOX-6 chemotherapy significantly reduced the incidence of grade 2–3 oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy compared with chemotherapy alone (p = 0.001), alongside meaningful reductions in pain severity and inflammatory biomarkers.

May 7, 2026 · J Gastrointest Cancer · Oncology

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Randomized Controlled Trial

Quantitative flow ratio versus fractional flow reserve: 2-year follow-up of the FAVOR III Europe trial.

QFR-Guided Revascularisation Shows No Catch-Up Risk After Year One Versus FFR — At 2-year follow-up in the FAVOR III Europe trial, major adverse cardiac events occurred in 9.7% of patients guided by QFR versus 7.4% guided by FFR — a trend toward higher risk with QFR that did not reach statistical significance (HR 1.34, 95% CI 0.98–1.81; p=0.064).

May 4, 2026 · EuroIntervention · Cardiology

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Randomized Controlled Trial

Pacemaker recovery after permanent pacemaker implantation post-transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A sub-study of the LANDMARK trial.

Conduction Recovery Occurs in 18% of Post-TAVI Pacemaker Recipients at One Year — Among patients who received a permanent pacemaker following transcatheter aortic valve implantation, 18% demonstrated conduction system recovery — defined as a ventricular pacing rate at or below 1% — by one year.

Apr 25, 2026 · Int J Cardiol · Cardiology

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Research Article

Prehospital resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (REBOARREST): an international, multicentre, open label, pragmatic, randomised, controlled trial.

Prehospital REBOA Shows No Significant Improvement in ROSC for Non-Traumatic Cardiac Arrest — In a randomised controlled trial of 179 adults with non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, adding prehospital resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) to standard advanced life support did not meaningfully increase sustained return of spontaneous circulation compared with advanced life support alone (28% vs 26%; adjusted risk difference 1.8%, 95% CI −11 to 15; p=0.78).

May 5, 2026 · Crit Care · Cardiology

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Randomized Controlled Trial

Capnography With Integrated Pulmonary Index for Preventing Hypoxemia During Pediatric Urologic Surgery Under Sedation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Capnography Plus IPI Monitoring Cuts Intraoperative Hypoxemia Risk in Sedated Children — Adding capnography and Integrated Pulmonary Index (IPI) monitoring to standard care significantly reduced intraoperative hypoxemia in children undergoing urologic procedures under sedation — from 56.06% in the standard monitoring group to 34.33% in the intervention group, roughly a 59% lower odds of oxygen saturation decline (OR 0.410, 95% CI 0.203–0.825).

May 9, 2026 · Med Sci Monit · Pediatrics

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Review

Effects of the Mediterranean diet on oxidative stress: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Mediterranean Diet Significantly Improves Multiple Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Across 20 RCTs — A systematic review and meta-analysis of 20 randomized controlled trials found that adherence to the Mediterranean diet substantially increased total blood antioxidant capacity (moderate-to-large effect: SMD 0.57, 95% CI 0.31–0.83) while reducing two established lipid peroxidation markers — urinary F2-isoprostanes (SMD −0.40, 95% CI −0.67 to −0.12) and blood malondialdehyde (SMD −0.70, 95% CI −1.12 to −0.27).

May 7, 2026 · J Transl Med · Metabolism

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Research Article

Triage administration of sucrose for gastroenteritis in children; a randomized controlled trial.

Sucrose Solution Shows No Benefit Over Placebo for Oral Rehydration in Pediatric Gastroenteritis — A double-blind randomized controlled trial found that a single dose of concentrated sucrose solution did not improve the volume of oral rehydration solution consumed by children with gastroenteritis compared to placebo, with the sucrose group actually ingesting slightly less fluid than controls (84 mL vs 95 mL; mean difference −11 mL; 95% CI −26 to 4).

Apr 28, 2026 · Am J Emerg Med · Pediatrics

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Research Article

Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors for immune thrombocytopenia: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

SYK Inhibitors Show Large Efficacy Gains in Chronic ITP but Increase Hypertension Risk — In a meta-analysis of four randomized controlled trials, SYK inhibitors produced markedly higher stable response rates than placebo in adults with chronic primary immune thrombocytopenia — approximately 18 times greater relative likelihood of achieving a stable response (RR 17.77; 95% CI 5.13–61.61; P < 0.00001), though this large relative effect is substantially influenced by very low response rates in placebo arms.

Apr 22, 2026 · Transfus Apher Sci · Cardiology

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Meta-Analysis

A systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis of the effect of acupuncture and moxibustion cake on thyroid function in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Acupuncture Shows Significant Antibody Reductions in Hashimoto Thyroiditis, but Evidence Remains Weak — A systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 trials found that acupuncture was associated with substantially lower thyroid peroxidase antibody levels in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis (pooled mean difference –61.97, P < .00001), alongside meaningful reductions in thyroglobulin antibody and TSH; moxibustion also produced statistically significant antibody reductions, though smaller in magnitude.

May 1, 2026 · Medicine (Baltimore) · New Therapies

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