Research Articles – Page 38

Clinical Trial

Efficacy and safety of a bodyweight-adjusted higher dose of ocrelizumab in relapsing (MUSETTE) and primary progressive (GAVOTTE) multiple sclerosis: two multicentre, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group phase 3b trials.

Higher-Dose Ocrelizumab Shows No Disability Progression Benefit Over Standard 600 mg in MS — Across two large phase 3b trials, bodyweight-adjusted high-dose ocrelizumab failed to reduce disability progression compared with the approved 600 mg dose in either relapsing or primary progressive multiple sclerosis — a difference that was both clinically negligible and statistically non-significant (MUSETTE: HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.73–1.18; GAVOTTE: HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.76–1.18).

May 30, 2026 · Lancet · Pediatrics

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Randomized Controlled Trial

A Randomized Trial to Investigate the Effects of Low-Dose Colchicine in Patients with Hypertension: Rationale and Design of the COlchicine and HypERtENsion Trial (COHERENT).

COHERENT Trial Enrolls 150 Patients to Test Colchicine in Hypertension Without Established CVD — COHERENT is a completed-enrollment, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which 150 hypertensive patients without established cardiovascular disease were randomized to colchicine 0.5 mg daily or placebo for six months; outcome data have not yet been reported.

2026 · J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) · Metabolism

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Randomized Controlled Trial

Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS) combined with blood lactate measurement provides clinical treatment guidance and prognosis prediction for children with compound injuries: a prospective study.

Adding Blood Lactate Monitoring to PTS Cuts Intervention Time and Improves Mortality Prediction in Pediatric Trauma — In a randomized controlled trial of 546 children with compound injuries, combining the Pediatric Trauma Score with dynamic blood lactate monitoring reduced median time to critical intervention by more than 20 minutes compared with PTS alone (45 min vs. 68 min, P<0.001) and substantially improved 30-day mortality prediction (AUC 0.936 vs. 0.812 for PTS alone).

May 23, 2026 · Eur J Pediatr · Metabolism

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Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of added-sugar warning labels on restaurant menus in the USA: an online randomised controlled trial.

Added-Sugar Warning Labels on US Restaurant Menus Significantly Reduce Sugar Ordered — Both tested added-sugar warning label designs meaningfully reduced the amount of added sugar participants ordered from restaurant menus, with the icon-plus-text label achieving an 11% reduction at dinner — equivalent to 10.4 grams less added sugar per meal (95% CI −13.4 to −7.4, p<0.0001).

2026 · Lancet Public Health · Metabolism

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Research Article

Supporting tailored adaptive change and reinforcement for medication adherence program (STAR-MAP): Rationale and design of a randomized controlled clinical trial.

STAR-MAP Trial Launches to Test Implicit Attitude Targeting for Antihypertensive Adherence — The STAR-MAP trial is a prospective randomised controlled trial designed to evaluate a novel virtual health coaching intervention targeting subconscious implicit attitudes; no efficacy results are yet available as this publication describes the study rationale and design only.

May 21, 2026 · Contemp Clin Trials · Cardiology

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Research Article

Sustained and indirect effects of PCV10 reduced-dose schedules on pneumococcal carriage in Viet Nam: a long-term follow-up of a cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Two-Dose PCV10 Schedule Sustains Non-Inferiority Over Five-and-a-Half Years in Viet Nam — A long-term follow-up of a cluster-randomised trial found that the reduced two-dose 1p+1 PCV10 schedule remained non-inferior to standard three-dose regimens for vaccine-type nasopharyngeal carriage at 5.5 years, with differences in infants of -1.2 percentage points versus the 2p+1 schedule (95% CI -3.0 to 0.6) and -0.2 percentage points versus the 3p+0 schedule (95% CI -1.7 to 1.4).

May 27, 2026 · Lancet Infect Dis · Infectious Diseases

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Review

Efficacy and safety of RTS, S and R21 malaria vaccines in children under five in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

RTS,S Vaccine Shows 32% Efficacy Against Clinical Malaria in African Children Under Five — A systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 randomised controlled trials found that RTS,S reduced the risk of a first clinical malaria episode by approximately 32% in African children under five years old (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.61–0.76), with R21 demonstrating higher efficacy in its earlier trials.

May 27, 2026 · Malar J · Infectious Diseases

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Research Article

Impact of time from symptom onset to recanalization in acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusive stroke with same tissue window: A patient-level pooled analysis of the three randomized controlled trials.

Earlier Recanalization Within Extended Thrombectomy Window Strongly Predicts Better 90-Day Outcomes — Among 1,931 stroke patients with preserved tissue viability (ASPECTS ≥6) undergoing mechanical thrombectomy, achieving recanalization within 6 hours was independently associated with approximately 34–41% higher odds of 90-day functional independence compared to later time intervals — about 34% higher odds versus the 6–12 hour window (adjusted OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.53–0.82) and about 41% higher odds versus the 12–24 hour window (adjusted OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.45–0.79).

May 22, 2026 · Neurotherapeutics · Neurology

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Clinical Trial

Darvadstrocel in Patients With Crohn’s Disease With Complex Perianal Fistulas: The ADMIRE CD II Phase 3 Randomized Trial.

Darvadstrocel Fails to Outperform Placebo for Complex Perianal Crohn's Fistulas in Phase 3 Trial — In a large phase 3 randomized controlled trial, darvadstrocel produced combined remission at week 24 in 48.8% of patients compared with 46.3% receiving placebo — a difference of just 2.4 percentage points that was neither clinically meaningful nor statistically significant (95% CI, −5.8 to 10.6; P = .571).

Mar 6, 2026 · Gastroenterology · Immunology

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Research Article

Repurposing leflunomide and hydroxychloroquine to treat Sjögren’s disease (RepurpSS-II): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial.

Leflunomide–Hydroxychloroquine Combination Significantly Reduces Disease Activity in Sjögren's Disease — In a phase 2b randomised placebo-controlled trial, leflunomide plus hydroxychloroquine produced a meaningful reduction in systemic disease activity in patients with Sjögren's disease, with a mean ESSDAI difference of –4.135 points versus placebo at 24 weeks (95% CI –6.558 to –1.709, p=0.0012).

May 20, 2026 · Lancet Rheumatol · Immunology

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